Edu Rekha International Journal of Arts, Law and Social Science
Volume- 2 Issue -1 (January-February) 2026
The Innovative Searching for Booming Tokyo &Hong Kong Cities and Shanghai &Anhui Provinces GDP Enhancement Variations on Scientists Publishing in Subjects Information for PhD. by Sustainability
Run Xu1*, Changfu Jin2, Yonggen Wu3, Tianyi Yan4, Boyong Hur1, Sugun Lim1, Tao Yu3, Wanhao Wu3, Guanghui Yu3
PDFPage: 01-05Abstract
Primarily the new-power auto-maker sale situation may represent the industrial pillar one expressing much role and benefit for China to process continuously in future. Specially the new-green and low-contamination auto making will create the high-valuable product ie auto integrating system which needs several thousand parts to assembly in final work-shop through robotic non-tired working there. So that the additional robotic business for maker-shop user wil play more and more effectiveness currently and in near future whta request much labor and capital to complete its making technique. So, we have many working-opportunities for declining the non-employment rate meantime the more engineers and designers etc can be required for completing the industrial robot to proceed in auto-making shop with low-cost and high-efficiency. As for new emerging one the robotic working taken place human will be nearer and nearer in light of currently concluded situation and data. We should continuously develop that new tendency for the sake of decreasing the cost about lots of industrial robots making in fiscal &budget year. On the other hand, the reserved energy technique like chargeable batteries that may become boosting the new electrical generation that occupy an important position used in vehicles dynamic part. Thereby there would be more and more new technique to trial and make in factories as an important strategic plan in national views. Because of having its low-contamination purpose and high price-performance rate it will be easy to produce the dynamical part ie. electric engine’s chargeable-battery although the controller will be difficult to understand by public. On the other side, those high-technology will enhance the GDP (gross domestic product) with certain degree besides the foreign trade transaction with exportation and importation will be enhanced by relevant government and enterprise units year by year. Certainly, the domestic producing amount will occupy definitely hierarchy currently according to the Geely auto in December, 2025 the 6% will be for the BEVs (battery electric vehicles) and PHEVs (plug-in hybrid electric vehicles) and therein the 26% may be to exportation numbers. So, there would be still more space for Chinese auto maker to produce those electric vehicles with exporting more those ones anticipatively.
The Innovation Searching for Booming Holland &China Provinces and Shanghai &Beijing GDP Enhancement Variations on Scientists Published in Subjects by Sustainability
Run Xu1*, Changfu Jin2, Yonggen Wu3, Tianyi Yan4, Boyong Hur1, Sugun Lim1, Tao Yu3, Wanhao Wu3, Guanghui Yu3
PDFPage: 06-10Abstract
Primarily the new-power auto-maker sale situation may represent the industrial pillar one expressing much role and benefit for China to process continuously in future. Specially the new-green and low-contamination auto making will create the high-valuable product ie auto integrating system which needs several thousand parts to assembly in final work-shop through robotic non-tired working there. So that the additional robotic business for maker-shop user wil play more and more effectiveness currently and in near future whta request much labor and capital to complete its making technique. So, we have many working-opportunities for declining the non-employment rate meantime the more engineers and designers etc can be required for completing the industrial robot to proceed in auto-making shop with low-cost and high-efficiency. As for new emerging one the robotic working taken place human will be nearer and nearer in light of currently concluded situation and data. We should continuously develop that new tendency for the sake of decreasing the cost about lots of industrial robots making in fiscal &budget year. On the other hand, the reserved energy technique like chargeable batteries that may become boosting the new electrical generation that occupy an important position used in vehicles dynamic part. Thereby there would be more and more new technique to trial and make in factories as an important strategic plan in national views. Because of having its low-contamination purpose and high price-performance rate it will be easy to produce the dynamical part ie. electric engine’s chargeable-battery although the controller will be difficult to understand by public. On the other side, those high-technology will enhance the GDP (gross domestic product) with certain degree besides the foreign trade transaction with exportation and importation will be enhanced by relevant government and enterprise units year by year. Certainly, the domestic producing amount will occupy definitely hierarchy currently according to the Geely auto in December, 2025 the 6% will be for the BEVs (battery electric vehicles) and PHEVs (plug-in hybrid electric vehicles) and therein the 26% may be to exportation numbers. So, there would be still more space for Chinese auto maker to produce those electric vehicles with exporting more those ones anticipatively.
Employee Experience Management in the Modern Workplace: A Systematic Literature Review of Trends and Transformations
Priyabrata Swain
PDFPage: 11-20Abstract
Employee Experience Management (EXM) is an important field of study in modern business since it affects how happy, productive, and successful employees are. This systematic review brings together all of the current academic literature on EXM, with specific attention to its foundational elements, outcomes on organisations, and its effects on employees. Following the PRISMA framework, thorough searches in the Scopus and Web of Science databases was conducted, which gave 85 publications over the last 25 years. The studies were analysed across four major thematic dimensions: the integration of technology in shaping employee experience, the role of engagement and recognition, factors promoting health and wellbeing at work, and key influencers like leadership, work-life balance, career growth opportunities, and organizational culture. Findings suggest that experience of employees’ encompasses emotional, mental, and behavioural elements of an employee’s journey with their organisation. A positive experience correlates with improved job satisfaction, higher engagement, reduced attrition, and better organisational effectiveness. The review also highlights EXM as a layered and dynamic construct, including cultural, physical, and digital touchpoints within the workplace. While the research reveals compelling connections between EXM and desired organisational outcomes, limitations were noted—primarily concerning the scope of database selection. Future research should consider broader inclusion criteria to offer deeper insights into this evolving domain.
Keywords: Employee Experience, Employee Experience Management, Organisational Wellbeing, Systematic Review
An Innovation Searching for Boosting GDP Value Enhancement with the Chinese Tendency and Tianjin &Qingdao Cities by Sustainability
Run Xu1*, Boyong Hur1, Wanhao Wu2, Guanghui Yu2
PDFPage: 21-24Abstract
This highlights the significant regional disparities in economic growth rates across different provinces and countries. Guangdong’s strong performance underscores its leading role in driving national economic development, while Henan’s rapid expansion reflects the growing momentum in central China. In contrast, Saudi Arabia’s relatively slower growth suggests external factors may be constraining its economic pace, despite favorable conditions in other areas. The data collectively indicate that inland provinces like Sichuan and Henan are catching up, contributing to a more balanced national growth pattern. Meanwhile, coastal regions continue to innovate their dedicated the advantage of geography aspect to the coastal regional economy development continuously through widely transacting the foreign trade with multi-countries relationship in shipments. We believe that the whole China included coastal and internal regions will bring out a balance development between them through the cooperative method like transferring the super-voltage electricity from the west to east and north supported by south through the new energy equipment like wind turbine and solar panel generator and nuclear generation. We may erect more those new energy industries with a long-term strategic plan to maintain our high-level cutting-edge-field capacities for the sake of continually developing modern society request in future with high-profitable ones by our scientist and engineers. Thereby those new energy ones may create more additional value industrial positive development from now to more than thirty years by experimental laboratory to application products gradually and eventually. That will make our world more conveniently and efficiently following the potential difficult joints resolved constantly by plenty our senior engineer and scientists endeavour. Therein the more promise future will be formed under emerging high-technique skill and product frequently and sustainably that will highlight our hope and target in future. Hence the GDP value for a nation is able to frequently be enhanced and promoted according to the both of the historical steps and modern requests. Because we have the sharp weapons to make all around the AI(artificial intelligence) application, Robots making, battery reserved-energy technique, big plane making and exploring the out-space etc. many aspects. All of those need us to work closely and collaboratively so as to solve the current difficult problem and open a new inter-disciplinary and crossing-disciplinary subjects for us to process and develop continuously.
Keywords: boosting GDP value enhancement; China GDP tendency; Tianjin &Qingdao cities; innovation research; sustainably
International Law: The Importance and Place of Lifelong Learning in Promoting Democratic Legitimacy
Prof. Dr. Mohammad Ekram YAWAR1* & Muaiyid Rasooli, PhD Candidate2
PDFPage: 25-35Abstract
International law’s legitimacy keeps taking hits, mostly because non-democratic states are still part of the global community—and honestly, that just makes things messier as time goes on. Human rights law is actually a pretty new development here. People have found different ways to give it more weight, and one strategy is to push for stronger democracy within the international legal system.
This article takes a closer look at three main ideas and the way they connect. First, democracy boils down to government by the people. Second, legitimacy means the public actually supports what’s going on. Third, sustainable development treats democracy as both something you need to get started and something you get as a result. The argument is that if we want the rules of international law to really stick, they need legitimacy—and that comes from empowering people and making sure everyone gets a say, both at home and around the world. Sustainable development pushes for that kind of participation, which helps build the legitimacy that international law depends on.
Keywords: individuals, sustainable development, international law, democracy, legitimacy.
Abstract
The decline in educational standards in the Chad is a majoor issue that affects the quality of education in the country. This phenomenon is linked to several factors, inclusing insufficient educational ressources, inadequateteacher traning, owercrowded classrooms, and difficult socio-economic conditions, especially in rural areas. The study examines the underlying causes of this decline in educational standards and its consequences on students and the education system. Key recommendations includestrengthening continuousteacher training, improving school infrastructure, providing access to modern educational ressources, and raising community awareness about the importance of education. These actions will improve the quality of education and ensure a more promising future for young Chadians.
Keywords: Education, baisse de niveau scolaire, Logone Oriental, enjeux et défis, Tchad
SEPARATING LAW FROM SENTIMENTS: A CRITIQUE OF THE SUPREME COURT’S DECISION IN SUNDAY JACKSON v THE STATE (2025) LPELR-80692(SC)
D. O Okanyi, PhD1*, Hadiza Mohammad Isa2 & Adama Usman3
PDFPage: 42-59Abstract
This article critically reviews the Supreme Court’s decision in Sunday Jackson v The State, exploring how legal reasoning can either be enriched or impaired by sentiments. It examines the facts of the case, the legal questions considered, particularly the defence of self-defence and the basis of the court’s decision. The paper underscores the court’s judicial responsibility of upholding legal principles over emotional appeals, particularly in criminal matters. It also highlights the danger of sentiment overshadowing legal reasoning, especially in a country like Nigeria with a complex socio-cultural landscape, while underscoring the place of sentiment in the adjudicative process. Finally, the paper offers recommendations for ensuring that courts remain impartial arbiters, with fidelity to the rule of law.
Keywords: Law, Sentiment, Security, Herdsmen, Farmers, Self-defence
Examining the status and importance of the formation of international law of developed and developing countries from the perspective of the United Nations Charter.
Jamshid Rasooli1*, Muaiyid Rasooli2, Prof. Dr. Erdal DURSUN3
PDFPage: 60-72Abstract
Between 1938 and 1945, when World War II was devouring international peace and security, and the Allies were busy confronting the aggressions of the German Wehrmacht, the Italian fascist government, and the Japanese warmongers, conferences titled the Atlantic Charter, the United Nations Declaration, the Yalta Conference, San Francisco, and Moscow were being held to adopt common international policies to confront the aforementioned aggressors, and to prepare for the formation of a world organization that would both safeguard international peace and security and protect the rights of the victors of World War II in various ways, especially the right of veto. And so it was, and a charter was approved whose articles were in conflict with each other, but since it served the interests of the superpowers, it practically played the role of the constitution of the international community and became the standard for the peace-seeking of governments.
At the same time, inequality in rights and benefits caused countries to have little trust in this international institution in the political field despite the end of World War II and to have little cooperation with it. In addition, many of the resolutions of this international organization had the character of recommendations, and the impression was created that the Charter was quite successful in separating the international legal system into two forms: the international legal system of developed countries and the international legal system of developing countries. With this description, it seems that some countries are not adhering to their obligations and responsibilities towards the international community, and other countries should be agents of all international obligations and responsibilities and unconditionally obey the Charter.
Keywords: International Legal System, UN Charter, Veto, Unilateralism, International Relations
NIGERIAN WOMEN AND THEIR INVOLVEMENT IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: A FOCUS ON GENDER DIPLOMACY
Ugwuala, Ugwuala D1*, Eke Eze Urum2, Igbokwe Ugochukwu3 & Oleka Samuel Kalu4
PDFPage: 73-81Abstract
This study critically examines the involvement of Nigerian women in international relations, with a particular focus on gender diplomacy as a transformative framework for achieving inclusive foreign policy outcomes. Despite Nigeria’s prominent role in regional and global diplomacy, women remain significantly underrepresented in the country’s diplomatic corps and high-level foreign policy decision-making. Drawing on Feminist International Relations Theory and Constructivism, this research explores the historical, socio-cultural, and institutional barriers that have hindered women’s full participation in diplomacy and analyzes how gender diplomacy can serve as a strategic tool for enhancing Nigeria’s global influence. The study employs a qualitative methodology based on secondary data sources, including academic literature, policy documents, government reports, and international frameworks such as UNSCR 1325, CEDAW, and Nigeria’s National Action Plan on Women, Peace, and Security (NAPWPS). Findings reveal that Nigerian women have made notable contributions in areas such as peace-building, economic diplomacy, and multilateral negotiations, yet their achievements are often marginalized due to entrenched patriarchal norms, lack of mentorship, institutional bias, and limited access to leadership roles. High-profile figures like Dr. Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala and Ambassador Folake Awokoya exemplify the potential of Nigerian women to lead globally, but their representation remains the exception rather than the norm. The study recommended a multi-faceted approach to address these challenges, including the implementation of gender quotas, the establishment of a Gender Diplomacy Unit, gender-responsive workplace policies, targeted mentorship programs, and active engagement with international best practices. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on gender and international relations in Africa and provides a policy-relevant framework for integrating women’s voices into diplomacy. It serves as a valuable resource for scholars, policymakers, and practitioners committed to advancing gender equity in global governance.
Keywords: Gender Diplomacy, Nigerian Women, International Relations, Foreign Policy