Edu Rekha International Journal of Arts, Law and Social Science
Volume-2 Issue-4 (July-August) 2026

EDUCATIONAL INNOVATION, CREATIVITY AND RESEARCH AS A TOOL IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS IN NIGERIA

HAMIDU MOHAMMED JADA Ph.D.1* & JAMILAH ABBA Ph.D.2

View PDFPage: 01-07

The study accessed the Educational Innovation, Creativity and Research as a Tool in the Transformation of Teaching and Learning Process in Nigeria, it is conceptual in nature, with the view to proffering solution against the demon attached to teaching and learning more especially in Nigeria. in this making, the paper is divided into the following sub-headings: the concept of educational innovation, definition of education, concept of educational innovation, relativity and innovation in education, concept of educational research, concept of transformation of learning recommendations, conclusion and references in order to enhance higher quality of learning productivities/outcomes in Nigeria   

Keywords: Educational Innovation, Research Creativity, Transformation of Teaching and Learning 

Humanizing the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Education with Consciousness and Empathy in the Era of Digital Transformation in Universities of Northern Nigeria

Aminu Ahmed BUBA (Ph.D)1*, Nana Aisha MUHAMMAD2, Medina MOHAMMED (Ph.D)3

View PDFPage: 08-19

This study examined the humanization of artificial intelligence (AI) in education through consciousness and empathy within the context of digital transformation in federal universities in Northern Nigeria. Specifically, it assessed the extent of AI adoption in teaching and learning, the influence of delegated incompetence on AI utilization among lecturers, the role of consciousness and empathy in promoting human-centered AI practices, and the challenges affecting AI implementation. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted. The population comprised academic staff from federal universities in Northern Nigeria, from which 356 respondents were selected using multi-stage and stratified random sampling techniques. Data were collected using the validated Humanized AI Integration in Education Questionnaire (HAIE-Q), and 334 valid responses were analyzed, representing a 93.8% response rate. The findings revealed a high level of AI adoption in teaching and learning, particularly in enhancing learning experiences and supporting instructional activities. However, institutional support and access to AI tools were found to be inadequate. The study also identified evidence of delegated incompetence, as lecturers reported reduced independent academic effort and increased reliance on AI-generated outputs. Consciousness and empathy emerged as essential components of human-centered AI implementation, receiving strong support from respondents. Furthermore, a significant positive relationship was found between delegated incompetence and the need for AI practices grounded in consciousness and empathy (r = 0.982, p < 0.01). Major challenges included inadequate funding, poor electricity supply, data privacy concerns, weak technological infrastructure, lack of training opportunities, high costs of AI tools, and fear of misuse. The study concluded that AI can significantly advance digital transformation in higher education when guided by ethical, conscious, and empathetic practices. It recommended ethical AI policies, staff capacity building, improved infrastructure, and balanced integration of AI and human intelligence.

Keywords: Digital education, artificial intelligence, Delegated Incompetence Theory, consciousness, empathy, ethical pedagogy, human-centered technology, sustainable development.

MANAGEMENT OF FREE AND COMPULSORY PRIMARY EDUCATION IN NORTH – WEST ZONE, NIGERIA: MYTHS AND LOCAL REALITIES.

Muhammad Kabir Idris PhD1* & Jamila Abba PhD2

View PDFPage: 20-25

This paper examines the provision and management of free and compulsory primary education program in North – west zone of Nigeria. Two research objectives guided the conduct of the study. Literature on historical antecedents of primary education, problems and challenges experienced along the journey, current trends and other related issues are reviewed. The study discovers that; inadequate funding, rapid expansion in enrolment figures, poor infrastructure and inadequate facilities, ineffective supervision, inadequate data for planning, brain-drain and proliferation of poor quality teachers and insecurity are among the foremost hitches militating against effective management of free and compulsory primary education program in North – west zone. It is based on these findings that improving community participation in the management of public primary education through school – based management committees and PTA, and patronizing school – based staff developmental programs, among others are recommended for improvement.

Keywords: free and compulsory, primary education, myths, realities, prospects.

GREEN INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TRANSITIONS

DR SHAIBU, OGWUCHE GABRIEL1*, AMEH OKPE2, V/REV DR CHIKEZIE IHEOMA3, PROF NJOKU O. CHRISTIAN4, DR ANYANWU HYGINUS CHUKWUEMEKA5, BASSEY MAGDALENE6

View PDFPage: 26-31

The growing need for sustainable development in developing economies underscores the importance of green innovation and entrepreneurship as key drivers of systemic change. This study examined the role of green innovation adoption and entrepreneurial initiatives in advancing sustainable development transitions in Imo State, Nigeria. Employing a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 215 managers, owners, and senior staff of green-oriented firms using a structured questionnaire titled Green Technology and Entrepreneurship for Sustainable Transitions Questionnaire (GTETSQ), validated with a reliability coefficient of 0.89. Data analysis was conducted using the Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that green innovation adoption significantly improves sustainability outcomes by enhancing environmental performance, resource efficiency, and long-term competitiveness. Entrepreneurship was also found to play a critical role in driving sustainable transitions by promoting innovation, embedding eco-friendly business models, and transforming environmental challenges into viable business opportunities. The study concludes that green innovation and entrepreneurship are essential enablers of sustainable development in Imo State and recommends government incentives, capacity-building programs for entrepreneurs, and supportive policies to accelerate sustainability-driven innovation and foster long-term resilience.

Keywords: Green Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Sustainable Development Transitions, Eco-Innovation, Competitiveness

Conceptual Change Model as a Catalysts for Intellectual Transformation of Biology Students Academic Achievement and Retention in Genetics concept Among Secondary Schools Students in Dawakin Kudu Zone, Kano State, Nigeria.

Auwalu Abdullahi Tijjani1*, Aisha Muhammad Yakasai2, Najib Usman3, Khadija Ado Saleh4 & Shamsudden Rabiu5

View PDFPage: 32-37

This study investigates the Effects of Conceptual Change Model Strategy on Academic Achievement and Retention of the Concepts of Genetics among Secondary School Students in Dawkins Kudu Zone, Kano state, Nigeria. Using quasi-experimental of the pretest-posttest and post post-test non-equivalent control group design. Data were collected from the population of 2,389 SS III students in the 12 public co-educational secondary schools in the area with 975 males and 1,432 females using Simple random sampling technique. Two objectives, two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. Genetics Achievements Test (GAT) was used for Data collection and it was validated by experts from science and technology education department from Bayero university kano. Pilot study was conducted using Test-retest method to ascertain the reliability coefficient of the instrument which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.81when analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The instrument was found reliable for data collection. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics (Mean and Standard Deviation) for the research questions and inferential statistics (One-Way Analysis of Covariance) for the null hypotheses at p ≤ .05 significant level. The findings revealed that the experimental group, taught using Conceptual change model strategy, performed significantly better than the control group, which was taught using conventional methods. The study’s major contribution to knowledge is that the strategy significantly improves students’ academic achievement and retention. Hence, it was recommended that teachers should switch from conventional teaching methods to CCTS and should be retrained on the appropriate skills and models of the strategy to enhance students’ academic achievement and retention.

Keywords: Conceptual Change Model, Academic Achievement, Retention, Genetics, Kano State

Glaucoma Knowledge, Self-Reported Risk Factors, and Eye-Care Access in Selected Rural and Urban Communities of Abia State, Nigeria

Oluchi Ndidi Ekwufulem1*, Ifeyinwa Ogechi Chukwukwe2, Clement Abah Alexander3, Amarachukwu Faith Okafor4, Okechukwu Iheji5 & Chikezie Tochukwu Favour6

View PDFPage: 38-44

Background: Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy and is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally. Blindness can be prevented by public awareness of glaucoma, identification of risk factors, and eye-care habits. This study aimed to compare the knowledge, self-reported risk factors, and access to eye care services between selected rural and urban communities of Abia State, Nigeria.

Methods: A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 468 adults aged ≥40 years (234 rural, 234 urban). Participants were selected using a multistage sampling method and completed a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Ten items assessed glaucoma knowledge; a score ≥5 was classified as good knowledge. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests, with statistical significance set at p<0.05.

Results: Rural residents had significantly lower glaucoma awareness (35.9% vs 69.7%; p<0.001) and good knowledge (33.3% vs 68.4%; p<0.001) compared with urban residents. Compared to urban respondents, rural respondents were less likely to be aware of key prevention messages, such as glaucoma has no early symptoms (32.1% vs 85.5%), glaucoma runs in families (21.4% vs 59.8%), and blindness is preventable (29.9% vs 76.9%). There were no significant differences in self-reported risk factors by setting. Access to eye care was markedly lower in rural areas (34.2% vs 74.4%; p<0.001). Of those who could get access, 65.0% of rural people only had eye checks when they had symptoms, compared to 50.0% of urban people who had annual eye checks. Cost was the main barrier in both groups, followed by distance and lack of symptoms. The pattern of barriers did not differ significantly between communities (χ² = 0.50, p = 0.781).

Conclusions: Significant rural-urban disparities exist in glaucoma knowledge and preventive eye-care practices in Abia State. Targeted health education and community-based screening programmes, particularly in rural areas, are urgently needed to reduce avoidable blindness from glaucoma.

Keywords: glaucoma knowledge; risk factors; eye-care access; rural health; urban health; Nigeria

RE-INTEGRATION, REHABILITATION AND RE-CONSTRUCTION IN POST NIGERIA-BIAFRA WAR IN SOUTH EAST NIGERIA

Inyikalum, Daniel1 & Onuoha, Peter Chuks2*

View PDFPage: 45-51

This research examined the difficulties of reintegration, rehabilitation, and reconstruction following the Nigeria-Biafra conflict in South East Nigeria. Regrettably, the African continent has experienced numerous violent conflicts, resulting in significant repercussions such as political, social, economic, and humanitarian issues. The Nigerian civil conflict, commonly referred to as the Biafran War, occurred from July 6, 1967, to January 15, 1970, involving the Eastern Region of Nigeria against the remaining parts of the nation. The research is based on the Marxist Political-Economy Framework, aiming to explore the relationships among individuals and classes, and endeavors to comprehend the economy not as a flawless machine but as a dynamic system rife with contradictions and destined for replacement. This research utilized a political economy perspective to reveal the socio-economic and political marginalization of Nigerians during the civil war, resulting in poverty, unrest, and subsequently social issues like economic turmoil and political instability experienced in the nation from 1967 to 1970. Using a qualitative research method, the study found that the socio-political and economic landscape of Nigeria, particularly in the South East, was significantly impacted by the conflict, highlighting the necessity for a strong push towards authentic Re-integration, Rehabilitation, and Reconstruction in post Nigeria-Biafra war South East Nigeria. Based on the above, the study suggests that immediate and efficient Re-integration, Rehabilitation, and Re-construction are necessary in the post Nigeria-Biafra conflict in South East Nigeria.

Key words: Reintegration, Rehabilitation, Reconstruction, Nigeria-Biafra, War, South-East

A STUDY OF THE TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT APPROACH AND THE APPLICATION OF SEMIOTIC THEORY IN THE NOVEL TIVI BY SHAHNON AHMAD

Ir. Ts. Mohd. Taha Abd. Wahab1*, Prof. Dr. Azhar Hj. Wahid2 & Dr. Rahmanyasin Jaafar3

View PDFPage: 52-62

It is a common practice for novels to serve as a medium through which authors express satire, criticism, and opinions in a refined manner. The issue of management approaches in novels is often discussed; however, specifically, the management approach concerning technology in literature has received limited scholarly attention. One of the reasons for this is the general perception of the word technology as a field related to science and mathematics, rather than to literature. Technology, however, should be considered a vital necessity for the continuity of human life, and therefore, literary works such as novels naturally reflect human experiences. A novel contains narratives that revolve around humanistic themes, interwoven with issues and conflicts within the text, as well as the introduction of characters and characterization that help to stimulate and enrich the discussion. This study adopts a qualitative method to analyze the selected novel Tivi by Shahnon Ahmad. The novel is examined in terms of how the approach to technology management is portrayed, particularly in relation to the challenges of sociocultural change among the Malay community. However, the narrative’s introduction, which revolves around the theme of technology, is analyzed through the application of semiotic theory. Roland Barthes’s semiotic theory is employed to examine symbols, signs, and meanings in the novel in order to identify the technological narratives that are often associated with progress and modernity. The management approach discussed encompasses five key principles—planning, organizing, leading, staffing, and controlling. This study sets out two main objectives, to identify the technological narrative in the novel Tivi and to analyze it through the application of semiotic theory and the use of management approaches.

Keywords: Management Approach, Narrative, Semiotic Theory, Sociocultural, Technology

Social Organizing in Di Hadapan Pulau: An Analysis Through the Literary Management Approach

Nurul Aini Zainal Abidin1 & Prof. Dr. Azhar Wahid2*

View PDFPage: 63-70

This study examines the principles of social organizing in the novel Di Hadapan Pulau by A. Samad Said through the Literary Management Approach introduced by Abu Hassan (2022). It aims to investigate how the principles of social organizing contribute to shaping the social structure and resilience of the Malay community under Japanese occupation. Employing a qualitative research design based on textual analysis, the study examines narrative events, role allocation, action coordination, and collaborative relationships within informal social organizations. The analysis reveals that although the wartime context renders organizational structures fluid and situational, the principles of social organizing continue to operate adaptively in response to urgent circumstances. Five principal forms of social organizing are identified: religious organizing, shelter construction, funeral management, survival efforts, and family institutions. The findings demonstrate that social organizing functions as a vital mechanism for community adaptation and resilience during periods of crisis, with role allocation and collective cooperation serving as its fundamental elements despite the absence of rigid formal structures. This study contributes to the field of Malay literary studies by reinforcing the Literary Management Approach as an interdisciplinary analytical framework for examining the social and cultural dimensions embedded in literary texts. The findings also provide practical insights into the management of contemporary social organizations in times of crisis.

Keywords: social organizing, organizational management, Literary Management Approach, Malay novel, literary management

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND AI-DRIVEN SERVICE INNOVATION IN NIGERIAN HOTELS

NTAMU E. ABUA Ph.D1*, ODEY CHRISTOPHER LIFU Ph.D2 & DR. OKEZIE, KRISTOPHER ONYEKACHI3

View PDFPage: 71-78

Nigeria’s hospitality industry entered the second decade of the twenty-first century at an important crossroads, where competitive survival increasingly demanded technological reinvention. This study examined the influence of digital transformation dimensions on service innovation performance in three-, four-, and five-star hotels in Nigeria. Six digital transformation variables were investigated: AI-powered guest experience systems, digital revenue management, smart room and Internet of Things (IoT) integration, digital marketing and online travel agency (OTA) utilisation, contactless and mobile payment systems, and data analytics with customer relationship management (CRM) platforms. A descriptive survey design was employed, with structured questionnaires administered to 385 hotel management and frontline service personnel drawn from selected hotels in Lagos, Abuja, and Port Harcourt using stratified random sampling. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. All six digital transformation dimensions were found to significantly and positively influence service innovation performance (R² = .630, F(6, 378) = 107.38, p < .001). AI-powered guest experience systems (β = .298) and digital marketing and OTA utilisation (β = .284) emerged as the strongest predictors. The study concluded that deliberate investment in artificial intelligence, digital marketing infrastructure, and data-driven management tools substantially enhances the service innovation capacity of Nigerian hotels. It was recommended that hotel operators develop phased digitalisation roadmaps, invest in staff digital competency development, and leverage collaborative platforms to overcome the infrastructure deficits that currently constrain AI adoption in the Nigerian hospitality sector.

Keywords: digital transformation, AI-driven service innovation, hotel industry, hospitality technology, Nigeria, smart tourism

DIGITALIZED LOGISTICS INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICE MARKETING AGILITY IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH: A REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE

NTAMU E. ABUA Ph.D1*, MICHAEL NWAFOR E. Ph.D2, AJAYI ONI EKUNDAYO Ph.D3

View PDFPage: 79-82

This study investigated the relationship between digitalized logistics infrastructure and service marketing agility within the regional business ecosystem of South-South Nigeria. Operating within the broader context of the Global South, service organizations face volatile market dynamics, infrastructural deficits, and rapidly shifting consumer demands. A cross-sectional survey research design was implemented to obtain empirical data from 412 senior marketing executives, supply chain directors, and operations managers across healthcare delivery systems, hospitality networks, and maritime-linked service providers within the region. Data collection was carried out using a highly structured, closed-ended questionnaire operationalized on a 5-point Likert scale. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and multiple regression techniques were utilized to analyze the functional linkages between the variables. The main findings revealed that digitalized logistics infrastructure—specifically real-time tracking integration, cloud-based inventory frameworks, and automated facility coordination—exerts a powerful, statistically significant positive effect on service marketing agility (comprehending market responsiveness, speed of service configuration, and tactical flexibility). Furthermore, regional infrastructural quality was found to act as a significant moderator, meaning that firms with advanced internal digital logistics systems could insulate their marketing operations from external regional bottlenecks. It was concluded that marketing agility in emerging economies is structurally dependent on digitalized physical operational backbones. The study recommends that service sector administrators aggressively invest in cloud-integrated supply chain assets to secure sustainable competitive advantages.

Keywords: Digitalized Logistics, Service Marketing Agility, Global South, Regional Infrastructure, Structural Equation Modeling, Operational Responsiveness.

THE IMPACT OF STABLE AND QUALIFIED SCIENCE TEACHERS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SCIENCE IN BAUCHI, BAUCHI STATE-NIGERIA.

ALI MUHAMMAD MUTAH1*, PROFESSOR RAKIYA MAIWADA ABUBAKAR2, DR. ABDULKARIM ALI DEBA3, DR. ALI ABDU GIGINYU4 & SALISU BASHIR CHIROMA5

View PDFPage: 83-88

This study assessed the impact of stable and qualified science teachers on students’ academic performance in science in Bauchi State, Nigeria. The key variables examined included teacher experience [as an indicator of stability], teacher quality and teacher qualifications. Data on students’ academic performance were obtained from the senior secondary certificate examination for the years 2020, 2021, and 2022. The data were analyzed using the spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient to test two hypotheses. The objectives of the study were to examine the impact of stable and qualified science teachers on student academic performance; determine the effect of science teacher qualifications on performance in public secondary schools, assess the influence of teacher stability [length of retention] on students’ learning outcomes, and evaluate the combined effect of teacher qualifications and stability on performance in science subjects. The findings revealed that teacher qualifications and experience were not significantly related to students’ academic performance, as the calculate correlation coefficients.

(r = 0.46 and r = 0.2) were lower than the critical [tubulated] values. Based on these findings, the study recommends the employment of qualified science teachers, improved recruitment processes, continuous training and regular workshops, ongoing professional development, provision of adequate teaching and learning resources, and motivation through incentives. Furthermore, emphasizes the need for effective monitoring and supervision of teachers, as well as the provision of a conducive learning environment by the government. Finally, the study suggests that further research should be conducted periodically to reassess these variables.

Keywords; Teacher Stability [Years Experience], Teacher Qualification, Science Students, Academic Performance, Science Subjects.

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